不同发酵阶段作物秸秆生物基质理化性质变化研究

The Physical and Chemical Properties on Different Fermentation Stages of Bio-medium Using Corn Straw

利用自制设备对玉米秸秆进行发酵处理,通过塔内发酵和场内发酵两个过程,进行基质的制备和理化性质测定.结果表明,玉米秸秆经发酵处理后,其容重、持水孔隙度增加,总孔隙和通气孔隙减小,基质的固持作用和持水性增强,使不稳定的营养成分变得相对稳定,基质的可溶性盐分的浓度得到提升,使秸秆本身的毒素物质以及病虫源得到分解和杀灭,更有利于育苗的需要;发酵过程中添加不同比例的鸡粪、尿素和发酵菌,是加快发酵速度和提升基质生物活性的必要措施,有利于发挥设备的性能.

Using self-made equipment for fermentation processing using corn straw,can control the fermentationconditions relative,and shorten the process of the making bio-medium. It includes two fermentation processes,inthe tower and in the square. The bio-medium was prepared and the physical and chemical properties were analyzed.The corn straw after fermentation treatment,it bulk density and hold water porosity increase,and the total porosityand ventilation porosity reduce,enhencing the medium＇s fixed role and hold water role. Then the unstable nutrientcomposition is relatively stable,and the medium＇s concentration of soluble salts is promoted,making the straw itselffoison material get down and the source of diseases and pests be killed,which is more conducive to the needs of theseedling. It is the necessary measures to speed up the fermentation and improve bio-medium biological activity thatadding different proportions of chicken manure,the urea and the fermentation bacteria during the fermentationprocess. It is useful for the performance of the play equipment.