试析《苔丝》中哈代的生态伦理观

A Tentative Analysis of Hardy's Ecological Ethics in "Tess"

作为英国伟大的小说家和诗人,哈代在《苔丝》中不仅揭示了维多利亚社会转型时期农民阶级所面临的悲惨命运,也传达了自己的生态伦理观念:作为客观存在的自然与人类活动紧密关联,人类要尊重自然;人类要学会和自然的各种要素和谐相处,尤其要学会尊重、关爱动物;自然不仅可以为人类提供生存之处,更能够给陷入困境中的人类提供精神慰藉。

As one of the greatest British novelists and poets,Thomas Hardy revealed the tragic fate the peasants encountered in ＂Tess＂. Meanwhile, he conveyed his own ecological ethics,which can be summarized as follows. First, nature, as the objective existence in the world, is closely related to human activities;therefore, human should show their respect for nature. Second,human should learn to live with all kinds of natural elements in harmony, especially with animals; human should learn to respect animals and show their love for animals. Last, nature provides not only the place to live for human beings, but also mental shelter for troubled men.