莎士比亚《仲夏夜之梦》的生态思想探析

Analysis of Shakespeare's Ecological Thought in“A Midsummer Night's Dream”

生态文学以批判的眼光审视人类的各种思想意识和社会现象对自然生态产生的影响,许多思想家和文学艺术家对人类行为进行反思,并通过各种形式的作品对人类中心主义、二元论、征服和统治自然观等思想提出了严厉批评。莎士比亚的《仲夏夜之梦》艺术地表现了大自然的神奇力量和大自然对人的影响,以生态审美的眼光审视自然万物、再现了人对自然的回归、呈现了天人合一的生态理想,体现了生态思想最核心的生态整体观、生态和谐观和生态平衡观。

This paper makes an ecological analysis of Shakespeare＇s plays, especially his comedy ＂Mid - summer Night＇s Dream＂ using the core concepts of ecological ideology which include ecological holism, ecological harmony and ecological bal- ance. It is found that Shakespeare＇s ecological thought in ＂Mid - summer Night＇s Dream＂ are mainly manifested in the following three points. Firstly, Shakespeare＇s worship towards nature for its overwhelming influence over humans. Secondly, his observa- tion of creatures in the nature from an ecological aesthetic view and his reproduction of humans returning to nature. Thirdly, Shakespeare＇s ecological ideal of earth - human - God being one entity.