进气预热对柴油机起动过程动力性能影响的试验分析

Effects of Intake Preheating on Diesel Engine Power Performance during Starting Process

为了改善某柴油机的起动特性,自行设计了柴油机进气火焰预热系统。利用基于时间的瞬时数据采集系统,测量了瞬时转速和缸内燃烧压力的变化规律,对不进气预热和进气预热条件下柴油机的起动特性进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:采用进气预热系统后,进气温度升高了18.5℃,柴油机起动过程中转速升高率增大,起动时间明显缩短;输出扭矩增大且波动明显减小;各个循环的最大燃烧压力升高且波动减小,燃油的着火滞燃期明显缩短,其着火过程中发生后燃、循环失火的概率明显减小,燃烧过程进行得更加充分,极大地改善了柴油机的起动性能。

In order to improve the starting performance of diesel engine,the inlet flame preheating system of diesel engine was designed based on the flame preheating plugs.The instantaneous speed and cylinder combustion pressure were measured with the instantaneous data acquisition system and the starting performance of diesel engine with and without intake preheating was researched.The experimental results showed that the speed rise rate increased and the starting time shortened when the intake temperature increased by 18.5 ℃ by the preheating system.The output torque in the starting process also increased but with less fluctuation.The maximum combustion pressure at each cycle increased with the less fluctuation,the ignition delay period shortened,the probability of post-combustion and misfire phenomenon dropped,the combustion of mixture was more complete and therefore the starting performance of diesel engine improved.