柴油-含水乙醇乳化燃料配制及理化特性研究

Preparation of Diesel-aqueous Ethanol Emulsified Fuel and Its Physicochemical Property

以柴油作为乳化燃料主要成分,配制了含水乙醇质量分数分别为8.9%,16.1%,22.0%和27.3%4种乳化燃料,并对这些乳化燃料和柴油的理化特性、微观分布及结构进行观测和研究。实验结果表明:单一乳化剂Span80乳化效果较好;随着含水乙醇质量分数增大,乳化燃料的密度和运动黏度略有增加,表面张力略有减小,蒸发性变得更好,初始馏出温度明显降低,含氧量增加,十六烷值和低热值逐渐降低;含水乙醇均匀地分散在柴油中,形成油包水型乳化液,分散相液滴平均直径逐渐增大,乳化燃料稳定性逐渐变差。

The emulsified fuel with the mass fraction of aqueous ethanol 8.9%,16.1%,22.0%and 27.3%respectively were prepared by using diesel as the main content,and the physicochemical property,microscopic distribution and structure of emulsified fuel and diesel were observed and analyzed.The result shows that the Span80 emulsifier has better emulsification effect.With the increase of aqueous ethanol fraction,the density and kinematic viscosity increase slightly,the surface tension drops a little,the initial distillation temperature significantly decreases,the oxygen content increases gradually,and the cetane number and low heat value decrease almost in a linear manner.The aqueous ethanol evenly distributes in diesel fuel,forming the emulsified fuel.The mean diameter of liquid drop increases step by step and the stability of emulsified fuel becomes poorer successively.