黑龙江省2013年青少年烟草流行状况监测分析

Global youth tobacco survey in Heilongjiang province in 2013

目的为了解黑龙江省青少年吸烟率及烟草流行相关数据,分析青少年烟草流行相关影响因素,提出有针对性的干预策略,为制订控烟政策、策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用全球青少年烟草调查标准抽样方法和调查问卷（GYTS调查方法）,共调查4 152名初中一年级至初中三年级的学生,其中3167人为13~15岁,总应答率为97.6%。结果黑龙江省初中学生目前吸烟率为4.5%,其中男生（7.0%）高于女生（1.9%）;初三（男生9.2%,女生2.7%）,高于初二（男生7.2%,女生1.6%）;初二高于初一（男生3.1%,女生1.0%）。56.4%的学生在室内公共场所暴露于二手烟,74.0%的学生认为二手烟肯定是有害的;87.5%的学生在购买机制卷烟时并没有因为年龄小而被拒绝;有4.3%的人接受过戒烟的帮助;过去30天内,有66.1%的初中学生在媒体上看到过控烟信息;60.8%的学生赞成禁止在室内公共场所吸烟。结论加强我国控烟工作和未成年人保护等的法制宣传与建设,加大学校控烟知识宣传和教育,提高学校保健医生及医疗卫生机构医务工作者可提供戒烟服务的能力。

Objective To learn the relevant data of youth smoking rate and tobacco prevalence in Heilongjiang, and to analyze the related influential factors of youth tobacco prevalence, point out targeted intervention tactics, so as to provide scientific evidence for making anti-tobacco policy, strategy and measures. Methods Global standardized simple design and questionnaire was used in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey（GYTS） this time in Heilongjiang. A total of 4152 eligible students in grade 1, 2 and 3 of middle schools completed the survey, of which 3167 were aged from 13 to 15. The overall survey response rate was 97.6%. Results Overall current smoking rate of middle school students in Heilongjiang was4.5%, including 7.0% of boys, which was higher than 1.9% of girls. The rate in grade 3（9.2% of boys and 2.7% of girls）was higher than that in grade 2（7.2% 0f boys and 1.6% of girls）, and the rate in grade 2 was higher than that in grade 1（3.1% of boys and 1.0% of girls）. 56.4% of students were exposed to tobacco smoke inside enclosed public places. 74.0% of students definitely thought other people＇s tobacco smoke is harmful to them. 87.5% of current cigarette smokers were not prevented from buying cigarettes because of their age. 4.3% of current smokers have ever received help to stop smoking. During the past 30 days, 66.1% of students noticed anti-tobacco messages in the media.60.8% of students favor banning smoking inside enclosed public places. Conclusion Strengthening legal promotion and construction of anti-smoke and juvenile protection in national level, increasing the knowledge promotion and education on anti-smoke in middle schools, as well as improving the ability of health-care doctors in schools and medical workers in medical institutions to provide the services of anti-smoke.