肖像政治:1937-1949年中共节庆中的领导人像

Portrait Politics:The Portraits of the Chinese Communist Party's Leaders in Festivals,1937-1949

随着近代中国政治现代化的发展,具有内在政治属性的领导人肖像成为政治力量控制的政治公器。1937—1949年,基于政治生存环境的变化,中共在根据地、解放区的节庆活动中借助领导人肖像建构革命政权的权力象征。基于塑造政权合法性的思虑,中共适时地引进了本属国家话语系统中的孙中山等领导人肖像,并且在根据地节庆活动中频繁地使用;同时,出于宣扬政权独立性的考量,中共在节庆中有意识地突显自我领导人肖像,最终将毛泽东像视为革命政权最高象征使用在各种政治和社会生活中。

With the development of the modern Chinese political modernization,the portraits of leaders with internal political property became political public instrument controlled by political forces.From 1937 to 1949,considering the change of political living environment,the CCP used portraits of leaders to construct power symbols of the revolutionary government in festivals in base areas and liberated areas.In order to form the legitimacy of the political government,the CCP timely introduced portraits of Sun Yat-sen and other leaders which originally belonged to the national discourse,and frequently used them in festivals in base areas.Meanwhile,in order to publicize the independence of the political power,the CCP deliberately underlined portraits of its leaders in festivals,and in the end used Mao Zedong's portrait in various political and social activities as the supreme symbol of the revolutionary government.