克孜尔114窟与佛图舌弥

Cave 114 in Kizil and Fotu Shemi

克孜尔114窟是龟兹石窟群早期最具代表性的洞窟之一,该窟所存壁画的戒律本生故事、比丘尼形象、迦叶皈依、降伏六师外道及第一次结集,都能够与龟兹高僧佛图舌弥的佛教思想体系相互映证。再由洞窟规模形制和壁画精美程度可以推知,该窟是由葱岭以东王侯妇女集资、佛图舌弥直接主持,或是以其思想为理论基础兴建的洞窟。此研究对追溯龟兹早期佛教思想,深入理解全窟壁画内容,明确佛教图像与文本的表达关系,还原洞窟兴建的目的、方式及意义都大有裨益。

Cave 114 in Kizil is one of the most representative caves in Qiuci. In this cave, Jataka stories of Buddhist religious disciples, images of Nuns, Kasyapa conversion to Buddhism, Buddha conquest of the heathen and the first Buddhism congregation all confirmed the Buddhist ideology of Fotu Shemi. It also can be inferred from the size and refinement of this cave that funds were raised by princely women from East Congling and it was commanded by Fotu Shemi or imbued with his thoughts. This research is beneficial to exploring the early Buddhist thought in Qiuci, further understanding the contents of the grottoes, ascertaining the relationship between the Buddhist images and text, and exploring the purpose, method and significance of digging the cave.