装卸坡道设计对荷斯坦牛卸车行为的影响

Effects of the handling chute design on the unloading behavior of Holstein-Friesian cattle

为评价装卸坡道设计中车辆与坡道间的连接对牛只卸车行为的影响,以期为改善装卸方法和完善动物运输相关规定提供依据,对3种坡道装卸条件下牛的行为进行观测。结果表明,坡道卸车对牛有压力,主要表现为畏缩行为、试探行为发生率较高;卸车时车辆与坡道之间的踏板可以使牛只卸车更顺利,而车辆与坡道之间存在的空档越大对牛只压力越大;3种装卸坡道下牛只年龄未对卸车行为造成显著影响。因此,从改善动物福利角度出发,在装卸坡道设计中车辆与坡道应有稳定的实质性连接设计。

In order to evaluate the effect of the link of vehicle and chute in the design of handling chute on the unloading behavior of cattle,and with the aim of providing evidence to improve the handling methods and perfect the related provision on animal transportation,the behaviors of cattle under 3kinds of chute handling are observed.The result shows that unloading chute has stress on cattle,which has high tendency to show balk and exploratory behavior.The footboard between the vehicle and the chute could make the unloading process go smoothly,while the larger of the gap between the vehicle and chute,the bigger of the stress to the cattle.Age doesn＇t have obvious influence on the unloading behavior in 3kinds of handling chute.As a result,from the perspective of improving animal welfare,there should be stable materiality link design between vehicle and chute in designing handling chute.