萼片对番茄果实发育及品质形成的影响

Effects of calyx on tomato fruit development and quality formation

为了解萼片对番茄果实发育及品质形成的影响,做2组试验。试验1:分别在初花后10、15、20、25、30、35和40d去除萼片,以不去萼片的正常果实为对照,在果实转色6d后(成熟期)采摘,进行分析测定。试验2:分别在花后25、30和35d及转色和成熟期采摘果实,去除萼片,以相同时期不去萼片的正常果实为对照,采后放置25℃贮藏室内观察测定。试验1的结果表明处理果实成熟时间延迟;重量、抗氧化物质Vc和类黄酮含量下降;细胞壁构成物质的水溶性果胶、共价结合果胶及总果胶含量都有所下降。在抗氧化酶活性方面,处理果实中的CAT活性低于对照,而POD活性高于对照;糖酸比低于对照,但可溶性固形物含量与对照组差异不显著。试验2的结果表明在花后30d之前,去除萼片处理果实的乙烯产量与对照相比减少了一半。而在花后35d以后,处理与对照间的乙烯产量无显著差异。综上,萼片对番茄果实的发育、成熟及品质形成起着促进作用。

To investigate the effects of calyx on tomato fruit development and quality formation,we did two tests.In test1,calyxes were removed from fruits at 10,15,20,25,30,35 and 40d after flowering.Normal fruits with calyxes were used as control.Fruits were harvested at mature stage（6 days after turning）and analyzed.In test 2,we picked fruits at 25,30,35,40 and 45d after flowering,removed the calyxes and then stored at 25℃.The fruits with calyxes were used as a control.The results of test 1showed that removal of calyxes delayed fruits ripening,fruits weight and the content of ascorbic acid（Vc）,flavonoids,and fruit cell wall materials.In terms of antioxidant enzymes,catalase（CAT）activity in treated fruits was lower than that of control,while peroxidase（POD）activity was higher the sugar-acid rate decreased.There is no significant difference in soluble solids between control and treated fruits.The results of test 2 showed that the ethylene production was reduced by half when calyxes were removed from fruits earlier than 30 dafter flowering.There was no significant difference in ethylene production between control and treated fruits from 35 dafter flowering.It can be therefore concluded that removing of calyx had some effects on the development growth and quality of tomato fruits.