正规金融对农户利用互助资金贷款的影响——基于6省12县24个贫困村的调查

Impact of formal finance on farmers' using poor-village mutual fund:Based on the survey of 24 villages from 6 provinces

互助资金有效缓解了广大农户发展生产所面临的"贷款难"问题,但有限的财政资金无法覆盖所有贫困村。为了合理选择互助资金试点使其发挥最大效用,对我国辽宁、山东、江西、安徽、云南和贵州6个省的24个村展开调研;通过Logit模型和Heckman模型分别对农户选择互助资金贷款的意愿和实际利用程度进行实证研究。结果表明:正规金融会通过影响农户贷款可得性进而对农户利用互助资金有一定的影响作用,具体而言,正规金融机构距离远、信贷价格高会抑制正规金融贷款可得性,但会促进农户对互助资金的利用。政府在选择互助资金试点时应重点关注与正规金融机构距离远,以及正规金融信贷价格高的地区。

Mutual fund could effectively relieve the difficulties for poor farmers to get loan.But the limited fiscal input could not cover enough the poor villages.In order to reasonably select the mutual fund pilots so as to make full use of the fund,a survey was carried out in 24 villages in Liaoning,Shandong,Jiangxi,Anhui,Yunnan and Guizhou provinces.Empirical research was conducted from both the farmers＇ willingness to use mutual fund and the degree of their actual use.Logit model and Heckman model were applied for such research.The results showed：Formal financial institutions could influence farmers＇ selection of mutual fund by changing their loan availability.Specifically,the long distance from farmer to formal financial institution and high loan rate would reduce farmer＇s formal financial loan availability but promote their better using mutual fund.Therefore,it is suggested that the government should put more attention to the villages that are far away from formal financial institutions and that have to face high loan rate.