复合肥、腐殖酸液肥对稻米蛋白质和几种矿物质含量影响的研究

Effects of Compound Fertilizer and Liquid Humic Acid Fertilizer on Content of Protein and Mineral of Rice

通过探讨施用复合肥、腐殖酸液肥对稻米蛋白质和矿物质含量的影响,以期为提高稻米品质提供更多数据支持,笔者选择某品种优质籼稻,设置5个处理,分别为A处理:清水;B处理:36 g/m2复合肥为基肥;C、D、E处理:9、18、36 g/m2腐植酸液肥1号为基肥。田间试验经过98天,期间采集土壤和稻米元素含量。结果显示,试验第一天与试验结束时土壤各指标含量相比:B处理土壤p H、氮、磷、钙、钾、硅含量差异显著,C、D、E处理土壤氮、磷、钙含量、D处理硅含量差异显著。米中钙、硅、铁、铜、蛋白质的含量在不同的施肥处理间差异显著。复合肥处理米中蛋白质、铜、铁含量较对照组高;腐殖酸液肥处理米中钙、铁、铜、蛋白质含量高于清水和复合肥处理,其中E处理钙、硅、铁、蛋白质含量最高。结果说明施用复合肥和腐殖酸液肥会改变土壤矿质元素含量,施用复合肥可提高米中铜、蛋白质含量,而施用腐殖酸液肥能增加米中钙、铁、铜、硅、蛋白质含量,且对铜和蛋白质含量的提高优于复合肥,腐殖酸液肥施肥量以36 g/m2为最佳,可以通过施用腐殖酸液肥改善稻米品质,提高稻米蛋白质和矿物质含量。

In order to improve rice quality, the author investigated the effects of compound fertilizer and humicacid liquid fertilizer on the contents of protein and mineral of rice. The author used‘Jinnongsimiao＇asexperimental variety and set up 5 treatments（A： water; B： 36 g/m2 compound fertilizer as base fertilizer; C, D,E： 9, 18, 36 g/m2 humic acid liquid fertilizer No. 1 as basic fertilizer）. Soil and rice were collected andmeasured during the 98 d field experiment. The results showed that, compared to the indexes of the first dayand the end of this experiment, p H, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, silicon contents of B weresignificantly different, soil nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium contents of C, D, E, silicon content of D weresignificantly different. Calcium, silicon, iron, copper and protein contents among different fertilizationtreatments were significantly different. Protein, copper, iron contents of rice under compound fertilizertreatment were higher than that under water treatment. Calcium, iron, copper, protein contents of rice underhumic acid liquid fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than that under water treatment and compoundfertilizer treatment, and calcium, iron, copper, protein contents under E treatment were the highest. The resultsindicated that compound fertilizer and humic acid liquid fertilizer could change the contents of soil mineral,compound fertilizer could increase copper and protein contents of rice, humic acid liquid fertilizer could increase calcium, iron, copper, silicon and protein contents of rice, and humic acid liquid fertilizer was betterthan compound fertilizer in the increasing of copper and protein, the optimum fertilizing amount of humic acidliquid fertilizer was 36 g/m2. Humic acid liquid fertilizer could improve rice quality and increase protein andmineral contents of rice.