油用向日葵品种主要农艺性状的主成分分析和聚类分析

Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis of Main Agronomic Traits of Oil-sunflower Varieties

高产是油用向日葵育种的主要目标,为探讨农艺性状与产量的关系,对11个国内外油用向日葵品种的9个农艺性状进行变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。变异分析结果表明,11个品种的变异系数在2.9%-29.1%之间,其中,小区产量、单盘粒重和叶片数的变异系数较大,分别为29.1%、16.5%和13.9%,生育期的变异系数最小,为2.9%;相关分析结果表明,株高、盘径与小区产量呈显著正相关;主成分分析结果表明,前3个主成分累计贡献率达86.9825%;聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离486处将11个品种分为3个群体,第Ⅰ群体为高产群体,第Ⅱ群体为早熟中产群体,第Ⅲ群体为低产群体,各群体间产量差异明显,在育种中应根据育种目标综合考虑。

The main goal of oil- sunflower breeding is high yield. In order to investigate the relationshipbetween agronomic traits and yield,variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis andcluster analysis were conducted on 9 agronomic traits of 11 domestic and foreign oil- sunflower varieties.Variance analysis results indicated that the variation coefficient of 11 varieties was between 2.9%-29.1%. Thevariation coefficient of plot yield, grain mass per sunflower plate and blades were higher than other agronomictraits, which were 29.1%, 16.5% and 13.9%, respectively. The variation coefficient of growth period was lowestwith 2.9%. Correlation analysis results indicated that, plant height and disc diameter were significantlypositively correlated with plot yield. Principal component analysis results indicated that the cumulativecontribution of the first three principal factors was 86.9825%. The results of cluster analysis showed that, 11 varieties were divided into three groups. Group Ⅰ was high-yielding group, group Ⅱ was middle-yieldinggroup and group Ⅲ was low-yielding group. There was significant difference of yield in three groups, so acomprehensive consideration should be taken according to the breeding objective.