再生水灌溉对作物生长及土壤养分影响研究进展

Review on Effects of Reclaimed Water Irrigation on Crop Growth and Soil Nutrient

水资源短缺是农业灌溉面临的重大挑战,在农业用水严重紧缺的现状下,以再生水为农业灌溉水源,将有效缓解农业用水紧缺形势。由于再生水中养分浓度与有机物含量较高,若使用不当会对作物生长及土壤环境带来不利影响,并可能导致农业面源污染问题。从再生水灌溉对作物生长、土壤养分及土壤酶活性的影响3个方面概括了再生水灌溉国内外研究现状与存在问题,并对下一步的研究重点提出了建议:加强再生水灌溉对作物不同关键生育期土壤供氮特征的影响研究,重视土壤酶活性对长期再生水灌溉响应特征研究,强化再生水灌溉土壤氮营养诊断与阈值范围研究以及拓宽再生水灌溉对农作物果实超微结构的影响研究等。

Water shortage is a major challenge to the agricultural irrigation. However, reclaimed water willeffectively ease the current situation. Because nutrient concentration and organic matter content are higher inreclaimed water, its improper use will bring adverse effect on crop growth and soil environment, may lead toagricultural non-point source pollution. Research status and existing problems in reclaimed water irrigation athome and abroad are summarized according to the effects of reclaimed water on crop growth, soil nutrient andsoil enzyme activities in this paper. The following aspects should be researched deeply in the future： the effectof characteristics of soil nitrogen supply in crucial crops growth periods, response characteristics of soil enzymeactivities on long-term reclaimed water irrigation, soil nitrogen nutrition diagnosis and threshold value rangewith reclaimed water irrigation, the effect of reclaimed water irrigation on fruit ultrastructure.