大学学费与学费制度的历史赓续

On the Historical Evolution of College Fees Institutions

一部大学史,是一部大学经济史、一部大学学费史。大学学费的生成与变迁有其历史逻辑。注册费、导师费和学分费是大学学费的基本形式和主要内容。对于欧洲古典大学来说,注册费不仅与学生家庭的社会地位和经济水平有关,还影响到学生的学习生活,是大学入学的第一道"门槛"。导师费与导师制、学分费与学分制具有天然的联系,导师费和学分费是一种教学成本,是大学学费本质。导师费和学分费不仅反映大学教学组织和管理过程,而且影响着学生学习方式和生活,最终影响和制约着大学组织发展进程。

A university development depends on its economic status that is partly composed of tuition fees involving expenses of registration, tutorship and credits. The generation of college fees has experienced its own historical and logic evolution. For European classical universities, the registration fee is not only related to students＇ family social status and economic level, but also affects students＇ learning, which is the first threshold for admission. Tutor fees and tutorial system are closely-associated with credit fees and credit system. Tutor and credit fees, the essential cost of education reflect the process of higher educational organization and management, but also affect students＇ learning style and experience, which ultimately impact and restrict the progress of higher learning institutions.