山东南北长山岛草本植物结构及其影响因子

Population structure of herb vegetation and its impact factors in the Nanchangshan and Beichangshan islands of Miaodao Archipelago

草本是森林植被的重要组成部分,能维持森林生态系统的稳定性.为研究山东省南北长山岛的草本群落结构及其与环境因子之间的关系,选取32个样方进行草本植被及环境因子的调查,运用TWINSPAN等级划分法和CCA多元分析技术研究调查区域内草本的群丛结构及其与环境因子间的相关性.调查发现,研究区域内生长草本102种,隶属于35科85属.草本植被类型主要划分为狗尾草、艾、披针叶苔草、中华隐子草、荻5个典型群丛.采用向前引入法对环境因子进行逐步筛选,结果表明:海拔、坡度、土壤pH、灌木层盖度是影响南、北长山岛草本空间分布的主要环境因子.

Herb are an important part of forest vegetation, which can maintain the stability of forest ecosystems. Based on investigation of herb vegetation species and environmental factors of thirty-two plots in Nanchangshan and Beichangshan islands, in Shandong Province, the relationship between the population structure of herb layer and eco-environmental factors in the survey area was investigated by using canonical correspondence analysis（CCA）, and two-way indicative species analysis（TWINSPAN）. The result showed that there were 102 herb vegetation species belonging to 35 families and 85 genera were observed in the islands. By using TWINSPAN, the communities of herb layer were classified into five types. There are（Ⅰ） Setaria viridis group,（Ⅱ） Cleistogenes chinensis group,（Ⅲ） Carex lanceolata group,（Ⅳ） Triarrhena sacchariflora group,（Ⅴ） Artemisia argyi group. The results of CCA with forward selection indicated that altitude, slope, pH, and shrub coverage were the environmental factors, which influence herb distribution in the Nanchangshan and Beichangshan islands of Miaodao Archipelago during the study periods.