头孢菌素类药物不良反应与对策

The adverse reactions and countermeasures of cephalosporin class drugs

目的探讨头孢菌素类抗生素的不良反应及对策。方法选取2012年1月-2014年1月医院使用头孢菌素治疗致严重不良反应的132例患者的临床资料,对不良反应类型、诱发因素及防治措施进行统计分析。结果诱发患者不良反应的因素包括:患者个体因素、药物因素、疾病因素、气候和环境因素等;不良反应类型包括:严重过敏反应、消化系统不良反应、神经系统不良反应、泌尿系统和血液系统不良反应,需采取积极地预防措施。结论头孢菌素类不良反应类型及诱发因素多样,临床上应针对患者的体质和病情进行全面判断,控制用法用量,预防不良反应发生。

Objective To investigate the factors of cephalosporin adverse reactions and the countermeasures to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. Methods Clinical data of 132 patients were selected from Jan 2012 to Jan 2014 in their hospital. The factors of cephalosporin adverse reactions were analyzed and prevention measures were adopted. Results The factors for cephalosporin adverse reactions included： patients individual factor,drug factor,disease factor,climate and environmental factor,et al. The adverse reaction types included： severe allergic reactions,digestive system reactions,nervous system reactions,urinary system reactions and blood system reactions. It needed prevention measures. Conclusion The adverse reaction types and factors are variety. According to patients＇ constitution and condition,a comprehensive judgment should be done,and control the usage and dosage to reduce adverse reactions.