交感神经系统-肾上腺素能受体对骨改建的调节作用

Regulatory role of sympathetic nervous system–adrenergic receptor on bone remodeling

骨组织终生处于改建中,交感神经系统(SNS)对骨组织和骨细胞的神经支配是其调控骨代谢的组织学基础。肾上腺素能受体与其对应的配体结合后,激活多条信号转导通路,完成其对成骨细胞和破骨细胞的调控,调节骨代谢。对于成骨细胞,SNS既可以通过激活α1受体促进骨形成,也可以通过激活β2受体抑制骨形成;对于破骨细胞,SNS既可直接作用于破骨前体细胞,促进其分化成熟,还可以通过调节成骨细胞分泌促破骨因子核因子-κB受体活化因子配体,间接促进破骨细胞活性。在骨生理病理改建方面,SNS通过调控破骨活动参与牙槽骨在力学刺激下的骨改建。SNS与骨质疏松症的发生发展密切相关,阻断SNS信号对预防骨质疏松等以病理性骨量丢失为特征的疾病具有重要的临床意义。

The sympathetic nervous system（SNS） of reconstructed bone tissues and bone cell innervation is the basis in regulating bone metabolism in histological studies. The binding of adrenergic receptor and its corresponding ligands can activate multiple signal transduction pathways, complete the regulation of osteoblast and osteoclast cells, and regulate bone metabolism. For osteoblasts, SNS can be activated by ct1 receptors to promote bone formation but can also be activated by 132 receptor to inhibit bone formation. For osteoclasts, SNS can directly affect osteoclast precursor cells and promote their differentiation. SNS can also be adjusted with a pro-osteoclastic factor nuclear factor kappa B receptor to activate secretion of bone cells, and thus, indirectly promote the activity of osteoclasts. In the physiology and pathology of bone remodeling, SNS regulates osteoclast activity in the alveolar bones under mechanical stimulation. In addition to the occurrence and development of SNS and osteoporosis, blocking SNS signals to prevent osteoporosis with pathological bone loss has important clinical implications to characterize the disease.