氮肥用量和插秧密度对寒地粳稻籽粒转氨酶活性及蛋白质含量的影响

Effect of N fertilizer application and transplanting density on grain transaminase activity and protein content in japonica rice in cold region

试验以寒地粳稻牡丹江30、东农426、松粳14为材料,采用裂区设计,研究氮肥用量和插秧密度对寒地粳稻籽粒转氨酶活性、蛋白质含量、蛋白质产量及水稻产量的影响。结果表明:3个品种齐穗后籽粒谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性呈单峰曲线变化,到达峰值时间不同;齐穗后21、28、35 d GOT活性和齐穗后14、21、28、35 d GPT活性分别与齐穗后21、28、35 d籽粒蛋白质含量呈显著或极显著正相关;籽粒蛋白质含量均随施氮量的增加而升高,插秧密度处理间差异不明显;综合水稻产量和蛋白质产量,牡丹江30最佳处理为N2D3(N 150 kg/hm2,30 cm×16.6 cm),东农426为N3D2(N 225 kg/hm2,30 cm×13.3 cm),松粳14为N3D1(N 225 kg/hm2,30 cm×10.0 cm)。

Three japonica rice cultivars, Mudanjiang 30, Dongnong 426, Songjing 14, were used as materials to study the effect of N fertilizer application and transplanting density on grain transaminase activity, protein content of grain, protein yield and yield of japonica rice in cold region by split-plot design. The results were as follows： The activities of glutamate oxaloace-tate transaminase （ GOT） and glutamate pyruvate transaminase （ GPT） in three cultivar grains showed a single curve in head-ing stage and reached the peak at different time; Besides the GPT activity in 14 days after heading, the activity of GOT and GPT in 21 days, 28 days, and 35 days after heading had significantly or very significantly positive correlation with grain protein content during 21 days, 28 days, and 35 days after heading;Grain protein content improved with increasing of N application, while there were not obvious difference among the density treatments; Considering the yield and protein yield, the best treat-ment for Mudanjiang 30, Dongnong 426, and Songjing 14 were N2D3 （ N 150 kg/hm^2, 30 cm × 16. 6 cm ）, N3D2 （N 225 kg/hm^2, 30 cm ×13. 3 cm）,N3D1 （N 225 kg/hm^2, 30 cm ×10. 0 cm）, respectively.