器官获取组织的建设与管理

Establishment and Regulation of Organ Procurement Organization

器官获取组织(OPO)的建设和管理是发展我国器官捐献与移植事业的关键。国内现有OPO均依托具备移植资质的医院组建,存在主管部门不明确,团队成员构成不合理,内部制度建设落后,工作流程不规范,资金支持力度弱,监管机制缺乏等等问题。应借鉴欧美等国家的先进经验,按任务型组织模式合理配置OPO数量及其人员,相对独立地开展器官捐献工作,由中国人体器官捐献管理中心承担全国OPO日常工作的组织与领导职责。OPO内部成员共享领导权和决策权,并加强伦理监管,建立规范的捐献流程和经济核算制度,完善协调员职业发展与激励制度。

Establishment and regulation of Organ Procurement Organization （OPO） is essential for the development of organ donation and transplantation in China. OPOs are established and affiliated to hospitals with transplantation qualification in China. The disadvantages of OPO include undetermined administrative authority, impropriate staff eomposition, lagged regulation development, unsettled operational protocol, funding shortage and lack of supervision standards. We suggest that OPO numbers and staff should be set up with the task-based organization mode and undertake organ donation independently. China Organ Donation Administrative Center possesses leadership and organizes the national OPO routine work. OPO members share leadership and rights of decision-making, strengthen ethic supervision, set up standard donation and financial auditing protocol, and improve occupational development and motivation system for coordinators.