栀子水提取物的抗血栓作用

Antithrombotic effect of aqueous extract from Gardenia jasminoides

目的:通过几种经典动物模型,研究栀子水提取物的抗血栓作用,探究其抗血栓机制。方法:将小鼠分5组,SD大鼠分5组,分别给予生理盐水(0.9%Na Cl)、阿司匹林水溶液(10 mg·kg-1)、栀子水提取物水溶液[低剂量(57.5 mg·kg-1)、中剂量(115 mg·kg-1)和高剂量(230 mg·kg-1)]。采用毛细管法测定小鼠凝血时间;测定小鼠尾出血时间、大鼠血浆复钙时间(PRT)、大鼠凝血4项;建立动静脉旁路血栓模型和Fe Cl3致颈动脉血栓模型,称量血栓重量;测定ADP诱导血小板聚集的最大聚集率。结果:栀子水提取物各剂量组延长小鼠出血时间、凝血时间和血浆复钙时间(P<0.05);仅高剂量组对凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)有延长作用;各栀子提取物剂量组对凝血酶时间(TT)均有延长作用;各剂量组可以显著降低动静脉旁路血栓模型及Fe Cl3致颈动脉模型血栓重量、降低ADP诱导血小板聚集的最大聚集率、抑制血小板聚集。结论:栀子水提取物延长出血时间、凝血时间,抑制血栓形成及抑制ADP诱导血小板聚集。其抗血栓作用机制与内源性凝血系统、凝血过程第三阶段和血小板功能有关。

Objective： To determine antithrombotic effect of aqueous extract from Gardenia jasminoides （GJ-xt） , and the mechanisms of antithrombotic action in several classical animal models. Methods： Mice were di- vided into five groups, and administered with saline （0.9% sodium chloride） , aspirin solution （10 mg·kg^-1） , GJ-xt solution （57.5, 115 and 230 mg·kg^-1）. Capillary method was used to determine the clotting time of mice. The tail bleeding time of mice, plasma recalcification time （PRT） , and four indices of coagulation were measured in rats. The arteriovenous shunt thrombosis was established as a thrombosis model, and carotid artery model induced by FeC13 to observe the weight of thrombus. The maximum aggregation rate of ADP-induced platelet aggrega- tion was measured. Results： Three doses of GJ-xt prolonged the clotting time, the bleeding time and the recalcifi- cation time （P 〈 0.05 ） as well as thrombin time （TT）. GJ-xt 230 mg·kg^-1 prolonged prothrombin time （PT） and activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT）. All the doses of GJ-xt significantly reduced the weight of thrombosis loaded in the thrombosis model of carotid artery and venoarterial bypass, reduced the maximum rate of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and inhibited te platelet aggregation. Conclusion： GJ-xt can prolong the bleeding, clotting time, control thrombus formation, and inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation. The antithrombotic effect may be associated with intrinsic coagulation system, the third stage of coagulation process, and platelet function.