烘虫温度和时间对中小型土壤动物烘虫分离效果的影响

Baking Temperature and Time on the Effect of Soil Meso-and Micro-fauna Separation Results

【目的】探明中小型土壤动物烘虫分离效果随烘虫温度和时间的变化特征,为中小型土壤动物的研究提供分离技术支持。【方法】采用Tullgren干漏斗法和Baermann湿漏斗法分别分离干生和湿生土壤动物,并用温控器精确控制箱体内温度,对两种林分、不同土层深度中小型土壤动物进行调查。【结果】老板山中小型土壤动物数量较庞大,且深层土壤动物多度不如浅层;深层干生和湿生中小型土壤动物分别在温度中值为34℃、32℃时烘虫分离效果最理想,而浅层土壤最好将烘虫温度控制在36℃;一般在适宜温度下整个烘虫分离过程可在18h内完成,且主要集中在前13h,开始烘虫4h后烘虫分离效果仍然较高。【结论】烘虫分离效果随烘虫温度的变化一般呈单峰曲线规律,烘虫温度过低或者过高都会影响分离效果;烘虫分离效果与林分结构无关、与土层深度有关;烘虫时间的长短与林分结构和土壤动物的多度没有直接关系;干生土壤动物烘虫分离效果与土壤动物类别有关。

[Objective]To explore the variation characteristics of soil meso-and micro-fauna baking insect separation effect with baking temperature and time,and to provide separation technology the basis for the study of soil meso-and micro-fauna research methods.[Method]The fauna bak-ing of dry soil and wet soil were using Tullgren funnel method and Baermann funnel method re-spectively,and the thermostat was used to control cabinets temperature precisely.According to this,soil meso-and micro-fauna in two different species woodland and different soil depth were in-vestigated.[Results]The number of soil meso-and micro-fauna was relatively large,and the a-bundance on per unit area of deep soil abundance was more than shallow.While the separation re-sults of deep dry and wet soil meso-and micro-fauna were the ideal,the temperature were 34 ℃and 32 ℃ respectively,and the baking temperature of shallow soil had been better to control at 36℃,in order to getting the better separation results.The process of baking soil meso-and micro-fauna could be completed within 18 h at exactly the right temperature,and that was mainly fo-cused on the first 13 h,and 4 h latter,after beginning baking,the separation effects still re-mained high.Generally,variation of separation effect with baking temperature is a single pak curve,the baking temperature is too low or too high will affect the separation effect.When bak- ing temperature bellowed 35 ℃,the different of separation effect is also obvious.[Conclusion]The variation of separation effect with baking temperature generally showed a single peak curve, and the differences were significant,so it will affect the separation effects while the temperature is too low or too high.When baking temperature bellowed 35 ℃,the different of separation effect was also obvious.Baking separation effects have nothing to do with stand structure,but it relates to the depth of soil.There is no direct relationship between length of baking time and stand struc-ture and the soil fauna ＇s abundance on per unit area.But there is a relationship between the sepa-ration effects of dry soil fauna baking and soil animals categories.When the separation results of deep dry and wet soil meso-and micro-fauna are best,the temperature are 34 ℃ and 32 ℃.But the shallow soil is best to control the baking temperature at 36 ℃,in order to getting the better separation results.The process of baking soil meso-and micro-fauna can be completed in 18 h,and it is mainly concentrated at front 13 h.