中国农业机械动力空间格局分析

Analyzing the Spatial pattern of Agricultural Aachinery Power Per Hectare in China

以全国省级行政区为基本研究单元,利用基尼系数与ESDA空间分析技术,分析了近10年全国农机总动力的区域差异时空特征。结果表明:全国省域平均单位农机动力投入存在明显的空间差异,整体呈现东部大于西部、北部大于南部、由东部沿海向西递减的空间分布格局,但这种区域差异在研究期内呈现明显缩小趋势。近10年,全国省域农机动力投入在全局水平表现出显著的空间正相关性,同时又存在明显的局域空间自相关特征。其中,高高聚集区主要分布于京津冀地区,而低低聚集则分布于西南地区,并且随着时间的推移其空间聚集程度在不断减弱,各省域农机动力投入趋向均衡发展。

Based on the agricultural machinery power data of 31 provinces of China from 2003 to 2012 , the spatial pat-tern and evolution characteristics of agricultural machinery power per hectare were analyzed by using Gini coefficient and Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis （ ESDA ） .The results showed that the provinces with higher agricultural machinery pow-er per hectare were gathering in eastern region and the provinces with lower were clustering in southwest region of China . Meanwhile there was a significant spatial variation for agricultural machinery power per hectare in different provinces , and the trend of variation showed a downward trend during 2003-2012 in China.From the aspect of global Moran＇s I,the ag-ricultural machinery power had a positive correlation characteristics ,which means that there existed a spatial cluster fea-ture.And the trend of positive correlation also showed a downward trend during 2003-2012 in China.From the aspect of local spatial difference ,and the number of provinces with LL （ low-low） or HH （ high-high） correlation pattern were steadily reducing in the last 10 years,which reflected the fact that the special cluster become much less obvious .