径流资料缺乏地区水资源配置研究——以都匀市为例

Water Resources Allocation in Runoff Data Scarce Region:A Case Study in Duyu City of Guizhou Province

水资源合理配置是解决水资源分配不均,缓解水资源供需矛盾,提高水资源利用效率的有效途径。然而由于缺乏实测径流资料,区域无法合理量化乃至分配水资源,造成缺乏与浪费并存的现象。为此,以都匀市为例,利用清水江下游黔南州下司水文站的实测资料构建了SWAT分布式水文模型,通过相关系数及纳西效率系数验证了模型的精度,得到了可用作水资源配置基础资料的都匀市境内各干支流长系列流量数据。通过量化水资源系统中各部门的供需并连接相关关系,建立了基于水量平衡的WEAP水资源配置模型,并预测了现状2010年至远景2030年的区域水资源供需平衡情况。结果表明:针对径流资料缺乏地区,应用水文模型模拟径流数据进行水资源配置的方法,能够定量分析不同供需情况下的水资源分配矛盾,可以为区域水资源管理及社会可持续发展规划提供指导。

Rational water resources allocation is an effective way to deal with the problems between water demands and supplies due to unevenly distributed water resources in a region or river basis. However, this method can be frustrated when it is used in a data scarce region or watershed because of lacking enough runoff data to quantify the local water resources. Without rational allocation, it is quite possible that regional water resources cannot be used efficiently. In order to improve the water resources efficiency and allo- cate regional water resources rationally in data scarce region, a distributed hydrological SWAT model is established to evaluate the a- vailable water resources. Based on the simulated results of regional runoff from the SWAT model, a water resources allocation mode, namely the WEAP model, can be established. A case study for Duyu city of Guizhou Province is conducted. The results indi- cate that the model is an effective approach to solve the problem of regional water resources allocation in runoff data scarce regions or river basins.