基于GIS的引黄灌区用水需求预报系统研究

Study on GIS-based Water Demand Forecast System in Yellow River Irrigation District

黄河流域水资源短缺,为了精确配置好黄河水资源,需考虑引黄灌区用水需求时空变化特征。采用系统工程和软件工程的方法,结合RS、GIS、数据库技术以及灌区需水预测模型等,开发了基于GIS的引黄灌区用水需求预报系统,并选择人民胜利渠灌区为典型,利用该系统进行了灌区引黄需水量预测分析,得出灌区旬用水需求。同时,利用2011年灌区实际引黄水量与系统计算结果进行验证,二者的旬过程具有较好的一致性,年值相差为4.8%。系统对保障黄河水资源可持续利用和维持河流健康生命具有重要的现实意义。

The water resources shortage is serious in Yellow River basin. In order to get the precise allocation of water resources in the Yellow River, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water demand need to be considered. Combining with RS-GIS- database technology-irrigation water demand forecast model, this paper uses the method of system engineering and software engineer- ing to develop an irrigation water demand forecast system based on GIS. The People＇s Victory Canal Irrigation District is selected as a typical example, and the water demand per ten-day in this district is forecasted by using the water demand forecast system. At the same time, the forecast results are validated by the actual water-using quantity in 2011. The result shows that the ten-day process has good consistency and the year-value difference is 4. 8%. This system has important significance for ensuring the sustainable utili- zation of Yellow River water resources and maintaining the healthy life of Yellow River.