心房颤动的流行病学研究现状及进展

The Status and Research Progress on the Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation

心房颤动(atrial fibrillation,AF)简称房颤,是最常见的心律失常之一。为了能更好的预防房颤及其并发症,国外对该病的流行病学做了较多的研究,认为房颤的患病率和发病率均随着年龄的增长不断升高,尤其是80岁以上的老年人;男性的房颤患病率一般高于女性。房颤的危险因素不局限于既往较为公认的年龄、高血压、糖尿病、肥胖等,许多新的危险因素也陆续被发现,如高尿酸血症、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、剧烈运动、气候等。我国在房颤方面的研究起步较晚,目前多局限于横断面的研究,无大规模纵断面的临床研究,和国外相比有一定的差距。房颤可导致机体发生脑卒中、心力衰竭、认知功能障碍甚至死亡。本文主要对心房颤动的流行病学研究现状及进展、发生的危险因素以及对机体的不利影响进行综述。

Atrial fibrillation （AF） was one of the most common arrhythmias. In order to prevent and control atrial fibrillation and its complications, many researches had been performed in the epidemiology of AF. It was shown that the morbidity and incidence rate of AF increased with the age, especially in 80 years and older; men＇s morbidity of AF was always higher than women＇s. The risk factors of AF were not just limited to the acknowledged factors such as age, hypertension, diabetes, obesity and so on, the hyperuricemia, obstruc- tive sleep apnea, strenuous exercise, climate were also identified. The studies on AF in our country was later than overseas, which fo- cused on the cross-sectional study, and no large-scale longitudinal clinical studies had been conducted and compared with the foreign studies. AF can lead to stroke, heart failure, cognitive dysfunction and even death. In this article, the status and progress on epidemiological studies of atrial fibrillation, risk factors, and adverse effects were reviewed.