节育手术后阴道出血的影响因素分析

Analysis of influence factors of colporrhagia after contraceptive operation

目的：探析节育手术后影响阴道出血的临床因素。方法66例节育手术后阴道出血时间超过2周的患者,观察其临床影响因素情况。结果66例节育术后阴道出血患者中,有36例患者的流血时间为14~20 d,16例患者的流血时间为21~35 d,14例患者流血时间〉35 d,在流血时间〉35 d的14例患者中,其宫内残留的比例显著高于其他两组（P〈0.05）,在阴道出血时间14~20 d的患者中,子宫内膜炎的比例显著高于其他两组（P〈0.05）。经Logistic回归分析发现,影响患者术后阴道出血的因素主要有感染、宫内残留、不良分娩史、多次人工流产及神经内分泌紊乱等（P〈0.05）。结论节育手术的患者阴道出血的临床影响因素较多,其中以不良分娩史、感染等为主,口服避孕药可以有效的减少出血量,缩短出血的时间,恢复患者正常的月经周期,避免再孕几率。

Objective To explore the clinical factors that influence colporrhagia after contraceptive operation.Methods There were 66 patients with colporrhagia after contraceptive operation more than 2 weeks, and observation was made on their influence factors.Results Among the 66 patients with colporrhagia after contraceptive operation, there were 36 cases with bleeding time as 14~20 d, 16 cases as 21~35 d, and 14 cases 〉35 d. Patients with bleeding time 〉35 d had higher incidence of intrauterine residue than others （P〈0.05）. Those with bleeding time 14~20 d had obviously higher incidence of endometritis than others （P〈0.05）. By Logistic regression analysis, the main influence factors included infection, intrauterine residue, bad delivery history, repeated induced abortions, and neuroendocrine disorder （P〈0.05）.Conclusion There are multiple clinical influence factors of colporrhagia after contraceptive operation, and they main include bad delivery history and infection. Oral contraceptive can effectively reduce bleeding volume and shorten bleeding time to make patients recover regular menstrual cycle and avoid repeated pregnancy.