返青期断根对冬小麦光合特性与产量的影响

Effects of Reviving Root-cutting on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Winter Wheat

通过盆栽试验,探讨返青期人工断根处理对土壤水分亏缺状态下冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响,拔节期与花期对各处理冬小麦旗叶进行叶绿素荧光诱导动力学参数测定及收获期产量测定,并进行数据统计分析。结果表明,在土壤水分亏缺状态下,与对照相比,单侧断根处理明显提高了PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量、光电子传递速率与光化学淬灭系数,使冬小麦总体光合活性增强,促进了能量向地上部的运转,同化物合成增加,因而有利于子粒灌浆和粒重提高,增加了冬小麦产量。而双侧断根处理冬小麦因其根系受抑制程度大,根系补偿作用不足以弥补地上部分的消耗,导致其产量降低。因此可见,返青期单侧断根处理是干旱环境下冬小麦获得高产的有效措施。

Pot experiment and reviving artificial root-cutting was used to study the yield photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under soil water deficit state. Chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics parameters and yields of the jointing stage and the flowering of winter wheat flag leaf of each treatment were measured and statistically analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control, unilateral root-cutting treatment in the state soil of water deficit significantly in- creased the PS II actual quantum yield, photoelectron transfer rate and photochemical quenching. The overall enhancement of photosynthetic activity of winter wheat promoted the energy to run above ground and assimilated synthesis which was conducive to improve the grain filling and grain weight, and to increase the yield of winter wheat. The bilateral dealing with large degree root-cutting of inhibition by its roots made root compensation insufficient to cover the aerial part of consumption, resulting in lower yields. Reviving unilateral root-cutting process high yield of winter wheat under drought environment was an effective measure to obtain.