日本旅游目的地管理组织体系分析

An Analysis of the Japanese Tourism Destination Management Organization System

围绕旅游目的地的研究是近些年旅游研究的热点。"旅游目的地"的概念一直在变化发展中,不同国家在其界定上也存在着差异,相应的在开发与管理上也有所不同。日本将"观光立国"作为基本国策,举全国之力推动旅游产业的发展,取得了明显的成效,但同时也存在着诸多问题。本文结合日本旅游目的地管理研究的历史与现状,对包括政府、民间旅游管理组织的框架体系及相应的工作和职能,进行梳理和比较,对现有管理组织存在的问题进行了分析,并提出相应的建议。并为中国旅游管理组织构架的完善和发展提供一些参考和借鉴。

Tourism destination management has become a worldwide research focus in recent years. The definition of ＂Tourism Destination Management＂ is given as a dynamic terminology rather than a fixed one. It is understood diversely and developed all along. Therefore the management concept and the relevant procedures are diverse accordingly in different countries. Since 2003the Tourism-based Country Strategy has been established and implemented in Japan, which has made remarkable achievements. Meanwhile there are also problems. This essay is aiming to work out the framework of Japanese tourism destination management organization system includinggovernment and other societal sectors on the basis of the history of the tourism destination management in Japan. The exiting problems within the current organization framework system are proposed and analyzed, and the suggestions are also made for the further improvements. Moreover it is hoped that this study could fill in the correlativetheoretical gaps in Japan and provide some references for the improvements of tourism destination management organization framework in China.