“分而不离”的整体认识论立场分析——一种基于复杂性思想的认识论观照

"Distinguishable but Not Isolatable" : the Stand of Holistic Epistemology——Reflection of Epistemology Based on the Thought of Complexity

传统科学哲学的认识论采用静态、隔离的态度来看待科学认识中的主体与客体关系,并且将科学的内部与外部严格分离。科学实践哲学批判了传统认识论对于主体与客体的人为隔离,认为在科学认识过程中主体与客体相互作用、相互介入、共同生成,二者融为一体、无法区分。基于复杂性思想的整体认识论立场反对上述两种极端的认识论态度,强调主体与客体是一种可以区分、无法隔离,即"分而不离"的关系。

The relation of subject and object in epistemology of traditional philosophy of science is static and isola- ted. And, in epistemology, internal and external of science are strictly isolated. Philosophy of scientific practices criticizes traditional philosophy for isolating subject and object, holding that subject and object affect each other, interfere each oth- er, but emerge together and cannot be distinguished. Against the above two extreme attitudes about epistemology, holistic epistemology, based on thought of complexity, emphasizes that subject and object can be distinguished, but cannot be iso- lated.