危机化解与秩序重构:侗族传统民居中的洁净诉求

CRISS RESOLUTION AND ORDER RECONSTRUCTION:Purity Appeals in Traditional Dong Dwellings

洁净表达不仅仅是一种心理感受,而且是人类对秩序结构的一种追求,以"洁"与"不洁"所构建的分类准则也可以成为判断秩序结构是否良好的一个参考标准。然而,洁净的空间经常面临来自不洁之物有意或无意的威胁,因此采取一定的措施来预防或者消解这种威胁也就成为许多民族传统上追求良好秩序结构的一种外显形式。侗族传统民居场域空间内也存在类似的洁净诉求,并且主要通过两种形式——净化与禳解表达出来。虽然两种形式在目的、内涵、仪式过程等方面都有差异,可是它们却共同构成了维持一个完整的洁净民居空间所需的行动策略,体现了侗族对秩序结构的美好愿望。

Not only does purity express psychological feeling,but it is also the pursuit of mankind for order structure. Hence the categorization principles consisting of purity and impurity can also be taken as a reference standard to judge whether the order is in good condition. However,the purity space frequently faces conscious or unconscious threats from dirty material. Thus,taking some countermeasures to prevent or clear up those threats becomes a kind of apparent form in the pursuit of a well order structure for many nationalities traditionally. There are similar purity appeals in traditional Dong dwellings,expressing mainly via two forms – purification and sacrifice contribution. Though these two methods differ from each other in aspects of purpose,connotation,ritual process and so on,they make up an activity strategy for maintaining an integrative pure dwelling space,showing the good wishes of Dong nationality for well order structure.