张择端《清明上河图》创作时间刍议——兼与曹星原先生商榷

On ZHANG Ze-duan's Painting the Qingming Shanghe Tu:Discussion with Mr. CAO Xing-yuan

曹星原先生在《同舟共济:〈清明上河图〉与北宋社会的冲突妥协》一书中提出的张择端《清明上河图》创作于神宗朝这一观点值得商榷。《向氏评论图画记》的创作时间、张择端个人经历以及风俗画创作特点三方面的研究创新,对张择端《清明上河图》创作时间的判定起着决定性作用。宋徽宗时国子监画学的设立,促使张择端从"游学于京师"转向"绘事";公元1110年六月之后,向宗回选择辞官归家,以书画之事自娱,开始创作《向氏评论图画记》,据此可以判定张择端《清明上河图》创作于公元1108至1110年间。

Mr. Cao Xing-yuan in the book Stay compromise in Song dynasty put forward a view that together： the Qingming Shanghe Tu and the conflict and Qingming Shanghe Tu was painted in Shenzong dynasty by Zhang Zeduan is debatable. The study on the creation time of Xiang＇s Evaluations of paintings, the personal ex- perience of Zhang Zeduan and genre painting characteristic plays a decisive role in the creation time of Qing- ming Shanghe Tu. The establishment of the Imperial College School of painting in Huizong period drives zhang- zeduan from the ＂study tour in the capital＂ to painting. After June 1110 AD, Xiang Zonghui resigned to return home and enjoyed himself by writing and painting and from then he began to write Xiang＇s Evaluations of paint- ings. In this way, we can judge that the creation time of Qingming Shanghe Tu is between 1108 and 1110 .