舰船复合材料局部结构细节设计方法

Detail design method research of ship′s local structure of composite materials

由于复合材料结构具有各向异性、组份复杂、可设计变量多等特性,有效的复合材料结构设计应同时考虑整体结构宏观设计和局部结构细节设计,两者虽密切关联,但在分析方法上存在一定差异。对此,将整体结构简化分析与局部结构细节设计联系起来,重点针对局部结构细节设计方法进行探讨,提出了一种细节设计方法。该方法基于子模型与试验工况模型的对比分析,通过局部结构试件试验对整体结构承载特性进行了综合评价。以某型船复合材料甲板室结构设计为例,通过整体简化模型优化分析确定板架构件尺度参量和铺层设计方案;提取典型局部结构承载形变特征要求,并基于子模型分析技术探讨局部结构细节设计;最后,以局部结构试验验证与考核完成整体结构的优化设计。计算结果表明:该方法能在有效控制设计成本的同时,合理开展复合材料结构设计工作,可供研究和设计者参考。

Because the composite material structure is characterized by anisotropy, complex compo- nents and many variables in design, its effective design should involve the macro design of overall structure and detail design of local structure, both of which are closely related and have some difference in the analysis method. For this reason, this paper puts focus on the detail design of local structure. Based on the comparative analysis of the submodel and the test submodel, a detail design method for evaluating the bearing characteristics of the overall structure is proposed through the experiment on the local structure model. A type of composite deckhouse structure, for example, is designed ac- cording to the optimization analysis of the simplified model which is used to determine the parameter of stiffened panel and the layer design, extract the characteristic of deformation and explore the detail design of local structure based on the analysis of the submodel. Finally, the optimal design of the overall structure is exposed to the experiment and test of local structure components. The result shows that the method is effective for composite structure design as well as for cost control and may also provide reference for researchers and designers.