北京市体校田径100m学生下肢力量训练方法的实验研究

Beijing Sports School Track and Field 100 Meters Lower Extremity Strength Training Students in Methods of Experimental Study

采用文献资料法、调查访问法、实验研究法以及数理统计法等,以北京市体校20名100 m少年短跑运动员作为实验对象,进行为期四个月的快速力量训练实验。得到以下结论:(1)缩短跳障碍物的时间,增加障碍物的远度、数量、高度等方法能有效提高运动员的爆发力、速度以及专项成绩;(2)科学地安排运动量,对下肢力量训练进行量化(如组次、频次及负荷等),对提高少年短跑运动员成绩有比较明显的效果;(3)训练时不应单独地追求下肢力量,要将之与上肢力量、多项身体素质相结合。

This article through the literature material law, survey method, experimental method and mathematical statistics and other scientific research methods, with the Beijing sports school 20 100-meter juvenile sprinters as experimental object, fast strength training for four months. We draw the following conclusions：first, shortening the time of jumping obstacles, spacing the obstacles far, increasing the number of obstacles and the height of the obstacle can effectively improve the athletes’ power, speed, and special achievement. Second, the scientific arrangement of exercises by quantifying the lower limb strength training means and methods, the set time, frequency and load has obvious effect on the improvement of juvenile sprinters score. Third, don’t separate the lower limb strength training from the upper body strength or other physical quality traning.