北川县小寨子沟自然保护区花椒病虫害的时间和空间分布特征

The Time-spacial Distribution Characteristics of Pests of Zanthoxyhum bungeanum in Xiaozhaizigou Nature Reserve,Beichuan County

根据花椒分布的海拔分为低、中、高3个空间水平,在2013年5月和7月两次对北川县小寨子沟自然保护区的花椒虫害种类和危害程度进行了调查,以了解在不同海拔空间水平和不同时间水平上花椒病虫害的分布特征。结果表明,在不同海拔和时间水平上,小寨子沟花椒普遍遭受虫害,虫害程度十分严重。在空间水平上,虫害程度随海拔的升高而逐渐减轻;在时间水平上,5月与7月的总体虫害程度差异不显著。不同种类的花椒害虫的危害程度在时间水平和空间水平上的差异都达到显著水平。小寨子沟保护区内花椒的主要虫害是花椒跗虎天牛、花椒波瘿蚊和花椒窄吉丁甲,而樗蚕、桑拟轮蚧、山楂红蜘蛛等的危害程度相对较轻。

In order to find out the distribution characteristics of the pests to Zanthoxyhum bungeanum at time-spatial levels in Xiaozhaizigou Nature Reserve,Beichuan County,the species and damage degree of Z. bungeanum were investigated in May and July at three spatial levels（ lower,medium and high）,which were decided by the altitude. The results showed that the Z. bungeanum trees in all sample plots were harmed by Z. bungeanum pests and the damaged degree was serious at all time levels and spatial levels. The damaged degree of Z. bungeanum trees caused by Z. bungeanum pests would gradually reduce with the increase of the altitude and the total damaged degree caused by all pests was no difference in May and July. The difference of damaged degree caused by different pests was significant at time and spatial levels. The main Z. bungeanum pests were Clytus validus,Asphondylia zathoyli and Agrilus zanthoxylumi,and the damage degree of other pests such as Samia cynthia,Pseudaulacaspis pentagona and Tetranychus viennensis etc. was relatively light.