广东省2000—2013年艾滋病监测结果分析

HIV/AIDS surveillance in Guangdong Province,2000-2013

目的分析广东省艾滋病病毒（HIV）监测情况和艾滋病流行现状,为政府制定艾滋病防控策略提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统艾滋病专报系统收集2000—2013年广东省艾滋病疫情数据,同时收集近年来艾滋病哨点监测系统数据和相关专题流行病学调查资料,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果广东省2000—2013年共报告HIV感染者或艾滋病患者（HIV/AIDS）49 038例,报告病例数从2000年的326例增长到2013年7 631例,年均增长率为23.2%。49 038例HIV/AIDS中,男性占78.6%,女性占21.4%;年龄以30-39和20-29岁组为主,分别占37.9%和29.1%;职业以无业和农民为主,分别占23.1%和19.2%;广东省籍病例占60.9%,外省籍病例占36.8%。传播途径以异性传播为主,占46.7%,其次为注射毒品传播占34.9%。2011—2013年HIV抗体阳性检出率较高的样本主要来自阳性者配偶或性伴检测、女性阳性者子女检测、自愿咨询检测、强制戒毒人员检测,其阳性检出率分别为11.735%（280/2 386）、9.381%（50/533）、1.569%（3 920/249 775）、1.299%（2 486/191 399）。结论 2000—2013年广东省艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势,传播模式已从注射毒品传播转变为经性传播为主,广东省急需制定相应的政策和措施扩大经性传播相关高危人群的艾滋病检测。

Objective To understand HIV/AIDS epidemic and testing status in Guangdong Province so as to provide scientific evidence for policy and strategy making. Methods Data were collected from the HIV / AIDS reporting system,sentinel surveillance system,and specific surveys from 2000 to 2013 in Guangdong Province and analyze by using descriptive epidemiology method. Results A total of 49 038 HIV / AIDS cases were reported from 2000 to 2013 in Guangdong Province. The annual reported HIV / AIDS cases increased from 326 in 2000 to 7 631 in 2013,with an average annual increase rate of 23. 2%. Amongst all the cases,78. 6% were males and 21. 4%,females. Their age distributions were mainly in 30 to 39 years and 20 to 29 years,accounting for 37. 9% and 29. 1% respectively. Occupations were mainly the unemployed（ 23. 1%） and peasants（ 19. 2%）. Of them,60. 9% had Guangdong provincial residency. HIV transmission route was mainly the heterosexual contact（ 46. 7% of all cases）,followed by injection drug use（ 34. 9%）. HIV antibody positive rates were high among spouses or sexual partners of HIV positive people（ 11. 735%,280 /2 386）,children of HIV positive mothers（ 9. 381%,50 /533）,people from voluntary HIV counseling and testing clinics（ 1. 569%,3 920 /249 775）,and people from detoxification centers（ 1. 299%,2 486 /191 399）. Conclusion The HIV epidemic was increasing in Guangdong Province from 2000 to 2013. The transmission mode of HIV has changed from injection drug use to sexual contact. Corresponding policy and strategies were urgently needed to expand the HIV testing among high risk population of sexual transmission in Guangdong Province.