混行交通流元胞自动机模型和社会力模型的分析与比较

Analysis and Comparison between Cellular Automata Model and Social Force Model of Mixed Traffic Flow

文中以支路上的机动车和自行车构成的混行交通流为研究对象,分别建立了元胞自动机模型和社会力模型,并基于MATLAB实现仿真。元胞自动机模型对NS模型进行了改进,并根据不同类型车辆的行驶特点,分别制定了自行车、机动车换道规则。社会力模型通过分析模拟车辆的内力和外力实现车辆速度和位置的变化。研究结果表明社会力模型较元胞自动机模型而言,更好地描述混行交通流中的机动车流的速度—流量特性。

The mixed traffic flow,composed of motor vehicles and bicycles,is taken as the research object.The cellular automata model and social force model are respectively established,and are realized simulation based on MATLAB.Cellular automata model improves the NS model,and changing lane rules of bicycles and vehicles are respectively formulated according to the running characteristics of different types of vehicles.Social force model realizes change of velocity and position through analyzing and simulating internal and external forces of vehicles.The results of study shows that the speed -flow characteristic of motor vehicles is better described by social force model,compared cellular automata model.