水中泥沙浓度的超声成像测量研究

Ultrasound imaging measurement of suspended sediment concentration in the water

在利用B超仪对沙水混合物进行成像的试验中,发现图像中沙粒光斑的总面积和强度与水中含沙量呈现出一定的对应增长关系,根据这种关系提出了一种基于B超成像技术的含沙量测量分析方法。该方法利用B超仪获得水中悬浮沙粒的图像,通过统计分析图像中沙粒光斑的总面积强度与整个测量区域的比值得到灰度比值,最后建立灰度比值与实际含沙量的对应关系,并利用这种关系来计算待测含沙量。该方法灵敏度较高,对水流无扰动,能够实时连续地反映水中含沙量的动态变化及其垂线分布,特别适合较低浓度的泥沙测量和分析研究。

Based on the experiment of the mixture of sand and water by B-mode ultrasound,a certain relation- ship is found between the total area or intensity of spots inthe images and actual suspended sediment concentra- tion, and a new method is presented to measure suspended sediment concentration based on B-mode ultrasound imaging technology. The method uses B-mode ultrasound to get the images of suspended sand under water and analyzes the total grayscale area of spots of them. A ratio is called as grayscale ratio between the sum of grayscale area and the total pixel area of the corresponding region in the images. Finally, the unknown sedi- ment concentration is calculated based on the relationship between the grayscale ratio and the actual suspended sediment concentration. This technique is high sensitivity, and without disturbance to flow. It is able to reflect the dynamic changes and vertical distribution, especially suitable for the analysis of low suspended sediment concentration.