论明代末年小说色情描写的结构模式

On the Structure Mode of the Pornography Description of the Novels at the End of Ming Dynasty

明代末期的小说色情描写所呈现出的"设心图淫、得逞贪欢、报应祸身"结构模式,是适应在明末特定政治形势下所形成的"复兴古学、务为有用"社会思潮而产生,并与当时士人的思想观念、社会地位以及一些特定文化需求相关至切;明末士人对"情"庄严而以"至情"出之,同时对"情"随便而以欣赏态度描写色情,这种对情的矛盾态度也直接影响了这一小说色情描写的结构模式;同时,这一结构模式还与当时社会生活实际、这一现实生活影响下的作家的小说功利观念、佛教对当时小说作家的结构思维影响有关。明代末期小说色情描写不仅于创作上形成了这样的结构模式,在当时一些小说评论和小说非情节因素中还表现出一定的理论上的自觉追求。对这一结构模式进行分析说明,可以见出与小说发展、小说思想发展有关的规律性表现或理论质素。

There exists a mode of ＂Thinking and Seeking Lust＂, ＂Succeeding and then Exerting Oneself＂ and ＂ Retribution＂ in the pornography description of the novels at the end of Ming Dynasty. The mode adapts to the social ideological trend, namely, ＂Rejuvenating Ancient Culture and Service for Utility＂ which is formed under the specific political situation at the end of Ming Dynasty and is closely associated with the then-scholars＇ ideas and concepts, social status and some specific cultural needs. The scholars at the end of Ming Dynasty were so serious about ＂Feel- ing＂ that they attached great importance to ＂Real Sentiments＂. In the meantime, they were so casual about ＂Feeling＂ that they even described pornography with an attitude of appreciation. Besides, this contradictive attitude upon ＂Feeling＂ has immdiate influence upon descriptive structure mode of the novel. Meanwhile, the mode is closely associated with the actual social life at that time, the writer＇s novel idea of utilitarianism under the influence of the real life, and the influence of Buddhism upon the structured thinking of the writer at that time. The pornography description of the novels at the end of Ming Dynasty not only form a structure mode in creation, but also show some theoretical self-conscious pursuit in term of some comments and non-plot factors. Through analysis and interpretation on the structure mode, it is possible to probe the regularities and theories of the development of the novel and the development of the idea.