滇东工业燃煤区与宣威室内生活燃煤区肺癌死亡率比较

Comparison of Lung Cancer Mortality between Coal Industrial Area in Eastern Yunnan and Indoor Coal Burning Pollution Areas in Xuanwei

[目的]探索煤相关工业生产的环境暴露与居民肺癌死亡率的关系。[方法]肺癌死亡死因回顾调查、死因监测,滇东某工业区2005～2011年居民死因调查,并与室内生活燃煤污染地区宣威2004～2005年肺癌死亡率和当地1973～1975年历史数据进行对比分析。[结果]2005～2011年工业暴露区居民肺癌死因占恶性肿瘤的39.91%,肺癌死亡率为49.24/10万。2004～2005年宣威居民肺癌死因占恶性肿瘤的60.55%,肺癌死亡率为92.97/10万。工业暴露区2005～2011肺癌死亡率比70年代增加了25.78倍,增加速度高于同期宣威（207.71%）和全国变化幅度。[结论]燃煤工业区肺癌流行病学特征不同于当地家庭室内燃煤污染为主的农民肺癌,工业生产污染排放对周边居民的健康危害不可忽视。

[ Purpose ] To investigate the relationship between environmental exposure from coal in- dustry and lung cancer mortality. [Methods] The lung cancer death data were from death retro- spective survey,death surveillance,and the death cause of residents from 2005 to 2011 in indus- trial area in eastern Yunnan,which were compared with the lung cancer mortality in Xuanwei of indoor coal burning pollution areas in 2004-2005 and retrospective death surveys in 1973～1975. [Results] Lung cancer deaths accounted for 39.91% of all cancer deaths and lung cancer mortal- ity was 49.24/10^5 in residents in industrial exposed areas from 2005 to 2011. While,lung cancer deaths accounted for 60.55% of all cancer deaths and lung cancer mortality was 92.97/10^5 in resi- dents in Xuanwei areas from 2004 to 2005. In industrial exposure area,lung cancer mortality in 2005～2011 was 25.78 times than that in 1970s,the increased speed was faster than that in Xuan- wei （207.71%） and the national level in the same period. [Conclusion] The epidemiological char- acteristics of lung cancer in industrial area differs from the farmers＇ lung cancer caused by indoor coal-fired pollution of local family. The hazards of industrial pollution to residents can not be ignored.