高精度液压柔性冷拔工艺的有限元模拟和实验分析

Numerical simulation and experimental analysis of hydraulic flexibility cold-drawing process with high precision

高精度液压柔性冷拔工艺是一种新型的钢管冷加工工艺。利用Deform-3D有限元分析软件对液压柔性冷拔工艺中冷拔模具和钢管之间的受力状态进行数值模拟。对不同工艺参数条件下,钢管分别通过4个模具油槽时的应力、应变状态及变形规律进行模拟;分析了在柔性冷拔过程中钢管横截面壁厚增量及钢管纵截面壁厚延伸量的变化规律。采用优化后的工艺参数及改进后的模具结构,对20#无缝钢管进行高精度液压柔性冷拔工艺试验;试验成形的钢管减径效果明显,管坯直径由Φ30 mm×2 mm减至Φ26 mm×2 mm,实现了冷拔减径目标,钢管壁增厚量微小,平均增厚量为0.02 mm,表面成形质量良好,试验结果与模拟结果相符。

High precision hydraulic flexible tube cold-drawing process is a new technology of cold-working process. The force state be- tween the cold-drawing die and steel tube in the hydraulic flexible cold-drawing process was numerically simulated by the finite element a- nalysis software Deform-3D. The states of stress, strain and deformation regulation were simulated when the steel tube went through four die oil grooves respectively under the condition of different process parameters. The change regulations of the cross section thickness incre- ment and longitudinal section wall thickness elongation of the steel tube in the process of flexible cold drawing were analyzed. The high precision hydraulic flexible cold-drawing tests for the 20# seamless steel tube were carried on with the optimized process parameters and the improved die structure. The effect of reducing diameter on the steel tube is obvious, and the tube billet diameter drops from φ30 mm × 2 mm to φ 26 mm × 2 mm. Thus, the goal of cold-drawing reducing diameter is achieved. The thickening of steel tube wall is very tiny, and the average amount is 0. 02 mm. The test results are in conformity with the simulation results, and the surface forming quality is good.