本立而道生——涂又光教育思想的原点、体系与脉络研究

TaoIs from the Establishment of Ben:Origin,System and Development of Tu Youguang's Educational Ideas

涂又光先生是个具有中国气派的知识分子、哲学家、教育家、书法家。他知行合一,学术与人生合二为一。涂先生以人为本,以"教育自身"为原点,不乏原创性地建构了一个个性鲜明的教育思想体系,脉络清晰地涵盖:学校不等于教育;社会生活存在"三li说",教育定位于文化领域,社会要有"为教育服务"的责任和使命;教育的人性基础是性灵论,要继天而教,行之终身,不谈毕业;中国高等教育的总规律是"大学之道,在明明德,在新民,在止于至善";中国高等教育基本矛盾是"道"与"艺"的矛盾;中国高等教育经历三个阶段:人文阶段—科学阶段—人文·科学阶段;办"中国的大学";校园文化上的"泡菜理论";教学上"修辞立其诚";读经典与教育"反刍律";教育的产品的"料子与成衣说"等。归结起来,涂先生的教育思想体现出丰富的哲理性、浓郁的人文性、深厚的民族性与爱国情怀及贯通的历史与现实统一性等特征。

Master Tu Youguang is an intellectual of Chinese gracefulness, a philosopher, an educator, a calligrapher, combining the learning and the practice, and uniting the academic career and the way of life. Respecting the idea of people-oriented and holding that education itself is the starting point of practice, Tu Youguang creatively constructs his systems of educational ideas, that school is not equal to educa- tion~ that there exist ＂ three li ＂ in the social life, therefore, education should be located in the realm of culture and society should be undertake the responsibility of ＂serving the education＂; that the humanity basis of education is the soul, thus teaching according to the potentiality should be carried on through the whole life without graduation; that the general law of China＇s higher education is that ＂ tao of higher education is to reveal morality, to cultivate new citizenship, to pursue the complete goodness＂ ; that the principal conflict in China＇s higher education is that between tao and yi （artificial skill） ; that China＇s higher education experiences three stages, the stage of humanity, the stage of science, and the stage of humanity and science; that university run with Chinese characteristics~ that ＂pickle theory＂ in the campus culture; that honest is cultivated through rhetoric training in the education; that the law of reading the classics and rumination; and that the metaphor of cloth and clothes in the ＂educational production. Master Tu Youguang＇ s educational ideas are rich in philosophical imagination, full of humane care, profound with national wisdom and united in historical depth and the insightfulness at present.