基于DEA-Malmquist模型的我国农村水利项目投入产出效率及区域差异分析

Input and Output Efficiency and Regional Difference Analysis of Rural Water Conservancy Projects in China Based on DEA-Malmquist Model

首先运用DEA－Malmquist指数方法对2010～2012年我国31个地区的农村水利项目投入产出效率的动态变化及地域差异进行分析，然后利用SPSS聚类分析进一步对区域差异进行研究。结果发现，2010～2012年我国农村水利项目的全要素生产率（ TFP）指数的年均下降率为2．9％，呈略微下降的特征；各地区的TFP指数有增有减，存在显著地域差异，东部地区平均TFP指数增长最快，中西部地区平均TFP指数不增反退；技术效率低下是导致近年来我国多地区TFP指数下降的主要因素；东部地区拥有良好的先天优势和长期的财政支持，技术创新水平的高低导致其发展水平不一；西部地区受益于政府的大力支持，水利项目发展良好。总之，我国农村水利项目投入产出效率存在显著区域差异，应因地、因时制宜地制定农村水利开发规划，提高资源配置效率和资金使用效率。

The input and output efficiency of rural water conservancy projects in 31 regions of China from 2010 to 2012 were measured using the DEA-Malmquist index, and their dynamic change and regional differ-ences were analyzed firstly;then the SPSS cluster analysis was conducted to further study their regional differ-ences.The conclusions could be drawn as follows.The average level of total factor productivity indexes （ TFP） of rural water conservancy project efficiency in China decreased by 2 .9% per annum showing a feature of slightly downward.The TFP of different regions was significantly different.The average TFP index of eastern region grew faster, while that of the central and western regions did not increase but decreased.The lower technological efficiency was the dominant factor driving the TFP index keeping down in recent years.For east-ern region possessing good regional superiority and long-term financial support, the technology innovation level decided the development level of different provinces.Benefit from the support of government, the rural water conservancy projects developed well in western region.In a word, there were significant regional differ-ences in efficiency of input and output of rural water conservancy projects in China, so the developing planning of rural water conservancy should be made according to the local conditions and time to improve the allocation＆amp;nbsp;efficiency of resources and service efficiency of funds.