福州三坊七巷私家园林的影响因素研究

Influencing Factors of Private Gardens of “San Fang Qi Xiang” in Fuzhou

福州三坊七巷是中国十大历史文化名街之一,被誉为"明清建筑博物馆""城市里坊制度的活化石",是古代福州出将入相、文儒之士荟萃的地方。区域内分布着70余处与民居融为一体的私家园林,迄今为止仍然散发着浓郁的福州地方文化气息。三坊七巷私家园林的起源和发展与福州古城的自然山水环境、城市架构及人文环境背景紧密关联。通过剖析福州三坊七巷私家园林,可以理清福州地方园林的形成肌理及发展的地理学逻辑脉络,从私家园林兴造的角度揭示福州地域性园林建筑文化的特色,进而为福州城市特色的保护、传承和发展提供理论支撑。

＂San Fang Qi Xiang＂ in Fuzhou is one of the Chinese ten famous historical and cultural streets, known as the ＂Architecture Museum of the Ming and Qing Dynasties＂ and ＂living fossil of ancient urban residential area system＂ . There are many ancient historical figures in history who borned here. More than 70 private gardens still exude a strong flavor of local culture in Fuzhou.The private gardens origin and development of ＂San Fang Qi Xiang＂ are closely related with natural landscape environment, urban architecture and humanities environment of this ancient city. Through the analysis of private gardens of ＂San Fang Qi Xiang＂ , this paper clarifies the formations of texture and geography logical development veining of local gardens. It reveals the regional landscape architecture culture characteristics through the view of private garden architecture, provides theoretic supporting for protection, inheritance and development of city characteristics of Fuzhou.