危险品运输网络优化设计研究综述

Research on network design for transportation of hazardous materials

为分析当今反恐新形势下的危险品运输网络优化设计问题的研究现状,系统总结国内外关于一般场景和恐怖袭击威胁2种情况下危险品运输网络优化设计研究的主要模型和方法,梳理两者现有的研究内容,并讨论其共性及恐怖袭击威胁情景下的研究的新特点。结果发现:目前关于解决危险品运输网络优化设计问题模型的鲁棒性研究较为缺乏,尤其是模型在更为复杂和不确定性更强的恐怖袭击情景中适用性不强;危险品运输的鲁棒优化模型即使在突发事件条件下,也可以使决策者能够作出相对满意的决策;鲁棒性危险品运输网络能够规避风险扰动,可用来防止在恐怖袭击中因危险品车辆爆炸等造成更大的危害。

In order to analyze the research status about network design problem of hazardous materials transportation under new anti-terrorist struggle situation, the theories and methods at home and abroad about network design of hazardous materials transportation for general scenarios and for scenarios with pos- sibility of terrorist attack were reviewed systematically. Researches on the network design of hazardous materials transportation were tidied up for two types of scenarios. Then similarity in the researches and characteristics of the work for second type of scenarios were discussed. The results show that robustness researches about the current model for dealing with the network design problem of hazardous materials transportation are still insufficient, and especially, the transportation network model of hazardous materials is not suitable to be applied in the terrorist attack scenarios with greater complexity and uncertainty, that even under emergency conditions, the robust optimization model of hazardous materials transportation can also enable decision makers to make relatively satisfactory decisions, and that robust transportation network can avoid risk disturbance, and it can be used to prevent more serious harm caused by hazardous materials vehicles explosion in the event of terrorist attack.