大都市郊区城乡发展一体化的探索与思考——基于上海市浦东新区的实证研究

Innovation and Thinking of Integration of Urban and Rural Development in Metropolitan Suburbs:Taking Pudong New Area of Shanghai as an Example

城乡二元结构是制约城乡发展一体化的主要障碍。如何破解城乡二元结构的制度障碍,是推进城乡发展一体化的重点、难点和关键点。城乡发展一体化不是城乡一样化,城乡发展一体化重点在"乡"不在"城"。推进城乡发展一体化,要通过构建城乡一体的规划体系、改善城乡交通网络等基础设施建设、改善农村人居和生态环境等措施,缩小城乡形态面貌的差距;更要通过创新城乡基本公共服务资源配置机制、农村人才综合激励机制、村级公共服务和基层治理财力保障机制、基层社会治理机制,实现城乡基本公共服务和社会治理均等化;同时,还要通过深化土地制度改革、建立经济薄弱村帮扶机制等农村综合改革措施,赋予农民更多财产权利、实现农民增收,促进农民市民化。在分析梳理全国首家综合配套改革试验区——上海市浦东新区推进城乡发展一体化的探索与创新、存在问题的基础上,针对目前面临的形势背景,从形态面貌一体化、体制机制一体化、农村综合改革等方面,提出具有针对性和创新性对策建议,以期对其他地区提供示范借鉴。

Dualistic structure in urban and rural areas is the main obstacle of the integration of urban and rural development. How to solve the system obstacle of two structures in urban and rural areas, is the key point to promote the integration of urban and rural development. The integration of urban and rural development is not the same in urban and rural areas, the focus of integration of urban and rural development in the ＂rural area＂, but not in the ＂urban area＂. First of all, to narrow the urban-rural gap appearance to promote the integration of urban and rural development is primary. Measures include the construction of urban and rural planning system, improving traffic network and rural infrastructure mechanism, innovation of village public service and rural talents and grassroots governance financial guarantee mechanism, the grass-roots social governance mechanism, and so on. At the same time, the comprehensive reform of the rural land system and supporting mechanism point in the poor villages is necessary. This paper proposed suggestions based on the analysis of carding the Pudong New Area of Shanghai City, the first National Synthetically Reform Testing District, to promote the integration of urban and rural development based on the problems, in view of the current situation facing the background, from the appearance of the integration mechanism, system integration, the comprehensive rural reform and other aspects, in order to provide demonstration and reference to other regions of China.