严复国民性改造思想产生的历史背景考察

The Historical Background Investigation of Yan Fu's Transformation of National Character Thought

严复国民性改造思想影响巨大,探讨其产生原因对更全面地了解这一思想不无裨益。首先这一思想的提出是由于民族危亡,特别是甲午中日战争的惨败对严复的刺激。社会改革运动的失败,特别是洋务运动的失败也让严复意识到物质层面的改革并不能挽救中国,将国家贫弱的症结转到了传统国民性上。西方人对中国传统国民性论述的话语启发,对严复反思传统国民性有一定的借鉴意义。新的参照系的出现也引发了严复对中西国民素质的比较。

Yan Fu＇s transformation of national character thought influence is huge, and to analyze the reasons is benefit for more comprehensive understanding of the idea.The national peril, in particular, the stimulation of the defeat of the 1894 Sino-Japanese war had a big impact on Yan Fu. The failure of social reform movements, especially the failure of the Westernization Movement, Yan Fu realized that the material aspects of reform can not save China. So he thought that the reason of countries poor and weak is traditional national character,hope to achieve the prosperity of the country by improving the quality of people.The words inspired by the traditional national discourse in the West, have a reference about reflect on the traditional national. The emergence of a new frame of reference, leading comparison of the quality of Chinese and Western nationals.