早孕期胚胎停育主要病因及治疗的研究进展

Research progresses on the etiopathogenisis and treatment of embryo damage in early pregnancy

早孕期胚胎停育是产科常见的疑难病,目前国内外文献报道,其发病主要与感染因素、免疫因素、遗传因素、物理化学因素及内分泌环境因素等相关,但具体发病机制尚不明确,且疗效不显著,使早孕期胚胎停育成为临床上亟待解决的诊治难题之一。目前约50%原因不明的早孕期胚胎停育与胎盘血管生成减少、血管功能不全、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)分泌或调节异常、微血管密度(MVD)数量异常等所导致胎儿血供不足密切相关。笔者拟详细列举目前文献报道早孕期胚胎停育的发病机制,尤其早孕期胚胎停育与血管形成的关系,同时聚焦早孕期胚胎停育治疗的研究进展,为临床进一步阐明早孕期胚胎停育机制,降低早孕期胚胎停育发生率,促进生殖健康提供理论依据。

Embryo damage is a common difficult and complicated obstetric disease of early pregnancy. According to current domestic and international research reports, the factors of itts etiopathogenisis are mainly associated with infection, immunization, genetic, physical and chemical factors and endocrine environment. But the mechanism of it is not so sure right now and the curative effect is not remarkable. Therefore,it becomes one of the most difficult clinical pressing problems need to be resolved. Currently, about 50% of agnogenic embryo damage in early pregnancy are closely associated with insufficient fetal blood supply caused by reduction of placental angiogenesis, vascular function insufficiency, secretion or dysregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）, abnormal amount of microvessel density（MVD） and so on. In this paper, we list the pathogenesis of embryo damage in early pregnancy, especially the relationship between it and angiogenesis from research reports until now, and summarized the treatment research progress of embryo damage in early pregnancy, so as to providing theoretical basis of clarifying the mechanism of embryo damage in early pregnancy, reducing the incidence rates of it and promoting reproductive health.