辅助生殖技术中胚胎质量评估方法的研究进展

Research progress on the assessment methods for pre-implantation embryo development in assisted reproductive technology

辅助生殖技术中胚胎发育潜能,即胚胎质量的评分将直接影响胚胎移植的选择和辅助生殖的临床结局。胚胎形态学评估方法由于其快速、无创、简单等特点而在临床得到广泛应用。目前,新的胚胎发育潜能评估方法成为研究热点,胚胎形态学评分系统与实时成像分析系统相结合对胚胎发育过程连续观察,便于选择优胚。胚胎代谢组学评估方法,如胚胎培养基中的代谢产物的变化(丙酮酸、葡萄糖、氨基酸等)、胚胎源性细胞因子、培养基或者囊胚腔中的游离DNA等。同时,针对遗传疾病而产生的移植前遗传学筛查法等方法可能为找到更有效地评估胚胎发育潜能标志物奠定基础。笔者拟就对胚胎发育潜能评估方法的研究进展进行综述。

In assisted reproductive technology, embryo viability assessment is directly related to the clinical pregnancy outcome of assisted reproduction. Currently, in the embryo quality evaluation, the most widely used method is morphological evaluation method which is grading the morphological characteristics of gamete and embryo in each period. With the development of assisted reproductive technology, the value of time-lapse imaging analysis system has been recognized. Recently, targeted-metabolic analysis have been proposed as a useful tool for assessment of embryo, involving metabolin of pyruvate acid, glycometabolism, amino acid and so on. Furthermore metabolomics-profiling, also analyzes the embryo derived cytokines, and free DNA. In the meantime, the chromosome screening have been a suitable strategy to select viable embryo for transplantation. This article reviews literatures on the progress of assessment methods for embryo development.