论《管子》与《老子》“道”之异同及其后现代意义

Similarities and Differences between the Taoism in Guanzi and that in Laozi and Their Postmodern Significance

"道"是《老子》和《管子》共同的最高哲学范畴,两家"道"论有同有异。两家之"道"同为万物之所以然与所必然、万物之自然与所当然、人生和社会的"自然法"且均以"气"为物质载体;也存在宏观方法论与微观方法技巧、目标价值与工具价值之不同。通过两家"道"论的阐发和比较,不仅可以明晰两家之异同,而且可以彰显两家"道"论敬畏自然、彰显人性、以道御术、本体和谐等后现代意义。

Taoism, the highest philosophy scope, is both mentioned in Laozi and Guanzi. But the two versions of Taoism have both similarities and differences in meaning. They both believe that all things on earth exist with reasons and with inevitability, all things are natural, right and proper, life and society follow the law of nature which is carried by“Qi”, a kind of substance forming universe. They are mainly different in using the macro methodology or microscopic techniques and applying the target value or instrumental value. By elucidating and comparing the two versions of Taoism, we may grasp their similarities and differences and gain their postmodern significance in respecting nature, commending humanity, and applying Taoism to mastering skills or tactics, etc.